April 18, 1506 - Foundation Stone of St. Peter's Basilica Blessed
Interior of Saint Peter’s Basilica, Vatican City. Public domain (or CC-BY-licensed) image from Wikimedia Commons
Pope Julius II ordered the construction of the new St. Peter’s Basilica to replace the former one that had been standing since the fourth century during the rule of Constantine the Great. On April 18, 1506, Pope Julius blessed the foundation stone of the new Basilica, which was believed to be built upon the burial sight of St. Peter the Apostle. Construction lasted 1210 years from 1506- 1626 and involved some of the most famous Renaissance artists and architects such as Donato Bramante, Michelangelo, and Carlo Maderno. Specifically, Michelangelo helped to design the infamous dome that commands the skyline of Rome. One major controversy surrounding construction regarded the sale of indulgences, which were advertised as a way to reduce time in purgatory. Dominican preacher Johann Tetzel became well known for raising money for the Basilica through indulgence campaigns. The controversy over indulgences helped prompt Martin Luther to publish his Ninety-Five Theses in 1517. He criticized the church’s financial practices and theological claims about indulgences, which helped to spark the Protestant Reformation.
Modern Christians can take several reminders from this historical event. First, it is a reminder of the dangers of church corruption. The controversy surrounding indulgences shows how financial and institutional practices can lead to spiritual problems. This conflict even contributed to the divisions between Protestant and Catholic traditions, playing a role in shaping modern Christianity. Additionally it reminds of the importance of Biblical authority as many reformers believed that church teachings and practices should be evaluated according to Scripture. Finally, it is an example of how historical events can lead to spiritual renewal. Although the controversy created division, it led many Christians to reconsider doctrine and church practices.
